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Dielectric spectroscopy (sometimes called impedance spectroscopy), and also known as Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy, measures the dielectric properties of a medium as a function of frequency.[1][2][3][4] It is based on the interaction of an external field with the electric dipole moment of the sample, often expressed by permittivity. It is also an experimental method of characterizing electrochemical systems. This technique measures the impedance of a system over a range of frequencies, and therefore the frequency response of the system, including the energy storage and dissipation properties, is revealed. Often, data obtained by EIS is expressed graphically in a Bode plot or a Nyquist plot. source: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electrochemical_impedance_spectroscopy

electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) techniques